HTTP errors are essential for handling and communicating various types of errors in web applications. One popular and versatile library for creating HTTP errors in Node.js projects is http-errors
. In this guide, we’ll explain why you might want to use http-errors
and provide an example of how to use it.
Description
http-errors
is a Node.js module that makes it easy to create HTTP error objects for Express, Koa, Connect, and other frameworks. The latest version is 2.0.0, and it was last published 2 years ago. You can install it by running npm i http-errors
. There are currently 3,558 other projects in the npm registry using http-errors
.
Why Use HTTP Errors?
HTTP errors provide a standardized way to communicate errors to clients. They include a status code, a message, and sometimes custom properties. By using HTTP errors, you can make your API responses more consistent and easier to understand for developers and clients.
Installation and Example
First, install http-errors
using npm:
$ npm install http-errors
Next, import the createError
function from http-errors
and use it to create HTTP errors in your Express application:
const express = require('express');
const createError = require('http-errors');
const app = express();
app.use((req, res, next) => {
if (!req.user) {
return next(createError(401, 'Please login to view this page.'));
}
next();
});
In this example, we use createError
to create a 401 Unauthorized error when the user is not authenticated.
API
http-errors
provides a simple API for creating HTTP errors. The following properties are available on each error object:
expose
: A boolean indicating whether the error message should be sent to the client. Defaults tofalse
when the status code is 500 or higher.headers
: An optional object of header names and values to be sent to the client.message
: The error message, which should be kept short and all single line.status
: The status code of the error.statusCode
: The status code of the error, which defaults to 500.
You can create a new error object using the createError
function:
const err = createError(404, 'This video does not exist!');
Or, you can extend an existing error object with createError
:
fs.readFile('foo.txt', (err, buf) => {
if (err) {
if (err.code === 'ENOENT') {
const httpError = createError(404, err, { expose: false });
} else {
const httpError = createError(500, err);
}
}
});
Conclusion
http-errors
is a simple and versatile library for creating HTTP errors in Node.js projects. It provides a consistent way to communicate errors to clients and makes it easy to create custom error messages and headers. To get started, install http-errors
using npm and start creating HTTP errors in your application.