# Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere (CWE-829)

The product imports, requires, or includes executable functionality from a source that is outside of the intended control sphere.

**Stack:** Kubernetes

- Prevalence: 高 频繁被利用
- Impact: 高 3 条严重级别为高的规则
- Prevention: 已记录 4 个修复示例

**OWASP:** Vulnerable and Outdated Components (A06:2021-Vulnerable and Outdated Components) - #6

## Description

When software includes functionality from untrusted sources (such as third-party scripts, external modules, or code from untrusted URLs), attackers can inject malicious code that will be executed with the same privileges as the application.

## Prevention

基于 1 条 Shoulder 检测规则的 Inclusion of Untrusted Functionality 预防策略。

### Kubernetes

Pin container images to specific version tags or SHA digests for reproducible deployments

## Warning Signs

- [MEDIUM] Container image uses 'latest' tag or no tag.
- [MEDIUM] container images using 'latest' tag or no tag

## Consequences

- 执行未授权代码
- 读取应用程序数据
- 修改应用程序数据

## Mitigations

- 只引入来自可信、经验证来源的代码
- 对外部脚本使用 Subresource Integrity (SRI)
- 实施 Content Security Policy (CSP) 来限制可执行代码的来源

## Detection

- Total rules: 4
- Languages: go, javascript, typescript, yaml, python

## Rules by Language

### Yaml (1 rules)

- **Container Using Latest Tag** [MEDIUM]: Detects container images using 'latest' tag or no tag.
  - Remediation: Use specific image tags for production.

```yaml
containers:
  - name: app
    image: nginx:1.21.6-alpine
```

Learn more: https://shoulder.dev/learn/kubernetes/cwe-829/image-latest-tag