# URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') (CWE-601)

A web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a Redirect.

**Stack:** Go

- Prevalence: 中 覆盖 3 种语言
- Impact: 中 建议审查
- Prevention: 已记录 4 个修复示例

**OWASP:** Broken Access Control (A01:2021-Broken Access Control) - #1

## Description

An open redirect vulnerability occurs when an application takes user input and uses it to redirect the user to a different URL. Attackers can exploit this to redirect users to malicious sites.

## Prevention

基于 1 条 Shoulder 检测规则的 Open Redirect 预防策略。

### Go

Validate redirect URLs against an allowlist of trusted domains

## Warning Signs

- [MEDIUM] User input flows to redirect without validation

## Consequences

- 获取权限
- 绕过保护机制

## Mitigations

- 根据可信域名的允许列表对 URL 进行验证
- 使用映射系统而不是直接使用 URL 参数
- 在重定向到外部站点之前显示警告页面

## Detection

- Total rules: 4
- Languages: go, javascript, typescript, python

## Rules by Language

### Go (1 rules)

- **Open Redirect** [MEDIUM]: User-controlled input used in http.Redirect without URL validation.
  - Remediation: Validate redirect URLs against a whitelist of allowed domains.

```go
allowed := map[string]bool{"example.com": true}
u, err := url.Parse(redirectURL)
if err != nil || !allowed[u.Host] {
    http.Error(w, "Invalid redirect", 400)
    return
}
http.Redirect(w, r, redirectURL, http.StatusFound)
```

Learn more: https://shoulder.dev/learn/go/cwe-601/open-redirect