# Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Response Splitting') (CWE-113)

The product receives data from an HTTP agent/component, and it places this data in HTTP response headers without neutralizing CRLF sequences.

- Prevalence: 中 覆盖 3 种语言
- Impact: 高 2 条严重级别为高的规则
- Prevention: 已记录 3 个修复示例

**OWASP:** Injection (A03:2021-Injection) - #3

## Description

An attacker can inject CRLF sequences into HTTP headers to create additional headers or response body content. This can lead to cache poisoning, cross-site scripting, or other attacks.

## Prevention

基于 3 条 Shoulder 检测规则的 HTTP Response Splitting 预防策略。

### Go

Strip CRLF characters from user input before setting HTTP headers

### Python

Strip CRLF characters from user input before using in HTTP headers

## Warning Signs

- [HIGH] user input flowing into HTTP response headers without CRLF sanitization
- [MEDIUM] user input flowing to HTTP headers without CRLF sanitization

## Consequences

- 执行未授权代码
- 绕过保护机制
- 修改应用程序数据

## Mitigations

- 切勿将用户输入直接放入 HTTP 响应头
- 对所有可能进入头部的用户输入进行净化
- 使用框架提供的、可处理编码的头部设置方法

## Detection

- Total rules: 3
- Languages: go, javascript, typescript, python

## Rules by Language

### Go (1 rules)

- **HTTP Header Injection** [MEDIUM]: Detects user input flowing to HTTP headers without CRLF sanitization.
  - Remediation: Remove CRLF characters from user input before setting headers.

```go
value := strings.ReplaceAll(userInput, "\r", "")
value = strings.ReplaceAll(value, "\n", "")
w.Header().Set("X-Custom", value)
```

Learn more: https://shoulder.dev/learn/go/cwe-113/header-injection

### Javascript (1 rules)

- **HTTP Header Injection (Response Splitting)** [HIGH]: Detects user input flowing into HTTP response headers without CRLF sanitization.
  - Remediation: Remove CRLF characters from user input before setting headers.

```javascript
const sanitized = userInput.replace(/[\r\n]/g, '');
res.setHeader('X-Custom-Header', sanitized);
```

Learn more: https://shoulder.dev/learn/javascript/cwe-113/header-injection

### Typescript (1 rules)

- **HTTP Header Injection (Response Splitting)** [HIGH]: Detects user input flowing into HTTP response headers without CRLF sanitization.
  - Remediation: Remove CRLF characters from user input before setting headers.

```javascript
const sanitized = userInput.replace(/[\r\n]/g, '');
res.setHeader('X-Custom-Header', sanitized);
```

Learn more: https://shoulder.dev/learn/javascript/cwe-113/header-injection

### Python (1 rules)

- **HTTP Header Injection** [HIGH]: Detects user input flowing into HTTP response headers without CRLF
sanitization.
  - Remediation: Remove CRLF characters from header values.

```python
import re
safe_value = re.sub(r'[\r\n]', '', user_value)
```

Learn more: https://shoulder.dev/learn/python/cwe-113/header-injection