Session Fixation (CWE-384) - Security Vulnerability

Session Fixation

Authenticating a user, or otherwise establishing a new user session, without invalidating any existing session identifier gives an attacker the opportunity to steal authenticated sessions.

In a session fixation attack, the attacker sets a user's session ID to a known value before the user authenticates. After authentication, the attacker can use the known session ID to hijack the authenticated session.

Prevalência

Média

3 linguagens cobertas

Impacto

Alto

3 regras de severidade alta

Prevenção

Documentada

3 exemplos de correção

2 Prevenção

Como corrigir esta vulnerabilidade

Estratégias de prevenção para Session Fixation baseadas em 3 regras de detecção do Shoulder.

🟨 JavaScript Ver tudo JavaScript detalhes →

Express Insecure Session Configuration HIGH

Configure sessions with environment-based secrets and secure cookie flags

+9 -3 javascript

  app.use(session({
-   secret: 'keyboard cat',
-   resave: true,
-   saveUninitialized: true
+   secret: process.env.SESSION_SECRET,
+   cookie: {
+     secure: process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production',
+     httpOnly: true,
+     sameSite: 'strict',
+     maxAge: 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24
+   },
+   resave: false,
+   saveUninitialized: false
  }));

🐹 Go Ver tudo Go detalhes →

Insecure Session Management HIGH

Use crypto/rand for session IDs with Secure, HttpOnly, and SameSite cookie flags

+10 -4 go

  func createSession(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-     sessionID := fmt.Sprintf("%d", time.Now().Unix())
-     http.SetCookie(w, &http.Cookie{
-         Name:  "session_id",
-         Value: sessionID,
+     b := make([]byte, 32)
+     rand.Read(b)
+     sessionID := base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString(b)
+     http.SetCookie(w, &http.Cookie{
+         Name:     "session_id",
+         Value:    sessionID,
+         HttpOnly: true,
+         Secure:   true,
+         SameSite: http.SameSiteStrictMode,
+         MaxAge:   3600,
      })
  }

🐍 Python Ver tudo Python detalhes →

Session Fixation Vulnerability HIGH

Regenerate the session ID immediately after successful authentication

+10 -4 python

  from flask import session, request
  from flask_login import login_user
  
- @app.route('/login', methods=['POST'])
- def login():
-     user = User.query.filter_by(username=request.form['username']).first()
-     if user and check_password(user.password, request.form['password']):
+ def regenerate_session():
+     data = dict(session)
+     session.clear()
+     session.update(data)
+ 
+ @app.route('/login', methods=['POST'])
+ def login():
+     user = User.query.filter_by(username=request.form['username']).first()
+     if user and check_password(user.password, request.form['password']):
+         regenerate_session()
          login_user(user)
          return redirect('/dashboard')

Práticas-chave

Use predictable values or cookies lack Secure/HttpOnly flags
Use a session ID that the attacker already knows

3 Detecção

Encontre vulnerabilidades no seu código

Use o Shoulder para escanear seu código em busca de padrões Session Fixation. 3 regras.

terminal

# Scan with Shoulder CLI
npx @shoulderdev/cli trust --cwe=384

# Or scan entire project
npx @shoulderdev/cli trust .

Regras de Detecção (3)

🟨 Javascript 1 rules

Express Insecure Session Configuration HIGH

Detects insecure session configuration including weak secrets, insecure cookies, and missing security flags.

🔷 Typescript 1 rules

Express Insecure Session Configuration HIGH

Detects insecure session configuration including weak secrets, insecure cookies, and missing security flags.

🐹 Go 1 rules

Insecure Session Management HIGH

Session IDs use predictable values or cookies lack Secure/HttpOnly flags.

🐍 Python 1 rules

Session Fixation Vulnerability HIGH

Detects missing session regeneration after authentication, which enables session fixation attacks. Session fixation is a serious authentication vulnerability where an attacker forces a victim to use a session ID that the attacker already knows. The attack works like this: 1. Attacker obtains a valid session ID (e.g., by visiting the login page) 2. Attacker tricks victim into authenticating with that session ID (via URL, cookie injection, etc.) 3. Victim logs in, and the pre-known session ID be

4 Sinais de Alerta

O que observar nas revisões de código

Estes padrões indicam vulnerabilidades potenciais de Session Fixation. Procure-os durante revisões de código e auditorias de segurança.

🟠

Session configuration has security vulnerabilities express-insecure-session

🟠

insecure session configuration including weak secrets, insecure cookies, and missing security flags express-insecure-session

🟠

Session management has security weaknesses go-insecure-session-management

🟠

missing session regeneration after authentication, which enables session fixation attacks python-session-fixation

🔍

Escaneie seu código para Session Fixation

O Shoulder CLI encontra padrões vulneráveis em todo o seu código.

npx shoulder trust Ver todas as regras