베타 Shoulder는 베타 버전입니다 — 결과가 가끔 잘못될 수 있습니다. 여러분의 피드백이 다음에 무엇을 고칠지 결정합니다. 피드백 공유
#2 A02:2025

Security Misconfiguration

The application might be vulnerable if it is missing appropriate security hardening or has improperly configured permissions on cloud services.

개요

Rose from #5 to #2 in 2025, with every tested application showing some form of misconfiguration. The increased complexity of modern cloud environments and configurable software has elevated this risk category significantly.

공격자가 이것을 악용하는 방법

공격 패턴을 이해하면 더 나은 방어를 구축하는 데 도움이 됩니다. 이것들은 보안 팀이 주시하는 기술입니다.

Default credentials

Administrative interfaces or services are left with default usernames and passwords that are publicly known.

탐지 신호: Login attempts using common default credential pairs

Verbose error messages

Detailed error messages expose internal paths, stack traces, or database schemas to attackers.

탐지 신호: Error responses containing internal file paths, SQL queries, or stack traces

Cloud storage exposure

Cloud storage buckets or containers are publicly accessible due to misconfigured access policies.

탐지 신호: Public enumeration of storage resources, anonymous access to sensitive files

예방 방법

  • Implement a repeatable hardening process for fast, secure deployment
  • Remove or do not install unused features and frameworks
  • Review and update configurations appropriate to all security notes
  • Use segmented application architecture for effective separation
  • Send security directives to clients (Security Headers)
  • Automate verification of configurations in all environments
  • Use infrastructure as code with security scanning

Shoulder 탐지가 있는 CWE (6)

이 CWE들은 Shoulder 탐지 규칙이 있습니다. 클릭하여 특정 취약점과 수정 사항을 확인하세요.

기타 매핑된 CWE (14)

이 CWE들은 이 카테고리에 매핑되어 있지만 아직 Shoulder 규칙이 없습니다.