# Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an LDAP Query ('LDAP Injection') (CWE-90)

The product constructs all or part of an LDAP query using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended LDAP query.

- Prevalence: 높음 자주 악용됨
- Impact: 높음 3개의 높은 심각도 규칙
- Prevention: 문서화됨 3개의 수정 예시

**OWASP:** Injection (A03:2021-Injection) - #3

## Description

If user input is incorporated into an LDAP query without proper sanitization, an attacker can inject LDAP commands that could read or modify sensitive directory information.

## Prevention

3개의 Shoulder 탐지 규칙을 기반으로 한 LDAP Injection 예방 전략.

### Go

Use ldap.EscapeFilter to sanitize user input in LDAP queries

### JavaScript

Escape LDAP special characters in user input before constructing LDAP queries

### Python

Escape LDAP special characters using escape_filter_chars() before constructing filters

## Warning Signs

- [HIGH] user input flowing to LDAP queries without proper escaping
- [HIGH] LDAP queries constructed with unsanitized user input

## Consequences

- 애플리케이션 데이터 읽기
- 애플리케이션 데이터 수정
- 보호 메커니즘 우회

## Mitigations

- 가능한 경우 파라미터화된 LDAP 쿼리를 사용하세요
- LDAP 쿼리에 사용되는 모든 사용자 입력을 이스케이프하거나 인코딩하세요
- 허용 가능한 문자의 허용 목록을 기준으로 입력을 검증하세요

## Detection

- Total rules: 3
- Languages: go, javascript, typescript, python

## Rules by Language

### Go (1 rules)

- **LDAP Injection** [HIGH]: Detects user input flowing to LDAP queries without proper escaping.
  - Remediation: Use ldap.EscapeFilter to sanitize user input before including in LDAP filters.

```go
escaped := ldap.EscapeFilter(username)
filter := fmt.Sprintf("(uid=%s)", escaped)
```

Learn more: https://shoulder.dev/learn/go/cwe-90/ldap-injection

### Javascript (1 rules)

- **LDAP Injection** [HIGH]: Detects user input flowing to LDAP queries without escaping special characters.
  - Remediation: Escape LDAP special characters before including user input in queries.

```javascript
const safe = input.replace(/[\\*()]/g, c =>
  '\\' + c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16));
ldap.search(`cn=${safe},dc=example,dc=com`, opts);
```

Learn more: https://shoulder.dev/learn/javascript/cwe-90/ldap-injection

### Typescript (1 rules)

- **LDAP Injection** [HIGH]: Detects user input flowing to LDAP queries without escaping special characters.
  - Remediation: Escape LDAP special characters before including user input in queries.

```javascript
const safe = input.replace(/[\\*()]/g, c =>
  '\\' + c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16));
ldap.search(`cn=${safe},dc=example,dc=com`, opts);
```

Learn more: https://shoulder.dev/learn/javascript/cwe-90/ldap-injection

### Python (1 rules)

- **LDAP Injection** [HIGH]: Detects LDAP queries constructed with unsanitized user input.
  - Remediation: Escape LDAP special characters using escape_filter_chars().

```python
from ldap3.utils.conv import escape_filter_chars
safe_username = escape_filter_chars(username)
```

Learn more: https://shoulder.dev/learn/python/cwe-90/ldap-injection