# Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection') (CWE-93)

The product uses CRLF (carriage return line feed) as a special element, e.g. to separate headers or records, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes CRLF sequences from inputs.

**Stack:** Python

- Prevalence: Media 3 lenguajes cubiertos
- Impact: Alto 3 reglas de severidad alta
- Prevention: Documentada 3 ejemplos de corrección

**OWASP:** Injection (A03:2021-Injection) - #3

## Description

CRLF injection can be used to inject malicious headers in HTTP responses (HTTP response splitting), forge log entries, or manipulate other protocols that use CRLF as a delimiter.

## Prevention

Estrategias de prevención para CRLF Injection basadas en 1 reglas de detección de Shoulder.

### Python

Strip newline characters from email headers before use

## Warning Signs

- [HIGH] user input used in email headers without newline sanitization

## Consequences

- Modificar datos de la aplicación
- Ejecutar código no autorizado
- Ocultar actividades

## Mitigations

- Elimina o codifica las secuencias CRLF de toda entrada usada en cabeceras o logs
- Usa frameworks que gestionen automáticamente la codificación de cabeceras
- Verifica que las entradas no contengan caracteres de control inesperados

## Detection

- Total rules: 3
- Languages: go, javascript, typescript, python

## Rules by Language

### Python (1 rules)

- **Email Header Injection** [HIGH]: Detects user input used in email headers without newline sanitization.
  - Remediation: Remove newlines from email headers before use.

```python
safe_subject = subject.replace('\r', '').replace('\n', '')
```

Learn more: https://shoulder.dev/learn/python/cwe-93/email-injection