Session Fixation (CWE-384) - Security Vulnerability

Session Fixation

Authenticating a user, or otherwise establishing a new user session, without invalidating any existing session identifier gives an attacker the opportunity to steal authenticated sessions.

In a session fixation attack, the attacker sets a user's session ID to a known value before the user authenticates. After authentication, the attacker can use the known session ID to hijack the authenticated session.

Verbreitung

Mittel

3 Sprachen abgedeckt

Auswirkung

Hoch

3 Regeln mit hohem Schweregrad

Prävention

Dokumentiert

3 Fix-Beispiele

2 Prävention

So behebst du diese Schwachstelle

Präventionsstrategien für Session Fixation basierend auf 3 Shoulder-Erkennungsregeln.

🟨 JavaScript Alle anzeigen JavaScript Details →

Express Insecure Session Configuration HIGH

Configure sessions with environment-based secrets and secure cookie flags

+9 -3 javascript

  app.use(session({
-   secret: 'keyboard cat',
-   resave: true,
-   saveUninitialized: true
+   secret: process.env.SESSION_SECRET,
+   cookie: {
+     secure: process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production',
+     httpOnly: true,
+     sameSite: 'strict',
+     maxAge: 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24
+   },
+   resave: false,
+   saveUninitialized: false
  }));

🐹 Go Alle anzeigen Go Details →

Insecure Session Management HIGH

Use crypto/rand for session IDs with Secure, HttpOnly, and SameSite cookie flags

+10 -4 go

  func createSession(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-     sessionID := fmt.Sprintf("%d", time.Now().Unix())
-     http.SetCookie(w, &http.Cookie{
-         Name:  "session_id",
-         Value: sessionID,
+     b := make([]byte, 32)
+     rand.Read(b)
+     sessionID := base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString(b)
+     http.SetCookie(w, &http.Cookie{
+         Name:     "session_id",
+         Value:    sessionID,
+         HttpOnly: true,
+         Secure:   true,
+         SameSite: http.SameSiteStrictMode,
+         MaxAge:   3600,
      })
  }

🐍 Python Alle anzeigen Python Details →

Session Fixation Vulnerability HIGH

Regenerate the session ID immediately after successful authentication

+10 -4 python

  from flask import session, request
  from flask_login import login_user
  
- @app.route('/login', methods=['POST'])
- def login():
-     user = User.query.filter_by(username=request.form['username']).first()
-     if user and check_password(user.password, request.form['password']):
+ def regenerate_session():
+     data = dict(session)
+     session.clear()
+     session.update(data)
+ 
+ @app.route('/login', methods=['POST'])
+ def login():
+     user = User.query.filter_by(username=request.form['username']).first()
+     if user and check_password(user.password, request.form['password']):
+         regenerate_session()
          login_user(user)
          return redirect('/dashboard')

Wichtige Praktiken

Use predictable values or cookies lack Secure/HttpOnly flags
Use a session ID that the attacker already knows

3 Erkennung

Finden Sie Schwachstellen in Ihrem Code

Verwenden Sie Shoulder, um Ihren Code nach Session Fixation-Mustern zu scannen. 3 Regeln.

Terminal

# Scan with Shoulder CLI
npx @shoulderdev/cli trust --cwe=384

# Or scan entire project
npx @shoulderdev/cli trust .

Erkennungsregeln (3)

🟨 Javascript 1 rules

Express Insecure Session Configuration HIGH

Detects insecure session configuration including weak secrets, insecure cookies, and missing security flags.

🔷 Typescript 1 rules

Express Insecure Session Configuration HIGH

Detects insecure session configuration including weak secrets, insecure cookies, and missing security flags.

🐹 Go 1 rules

Insecure Session Management HIGH

Session IDs use predictable values or cookies lack Secure/HttpOnly flags.

🐍 Python 1 rules

Session Fixation Vulnerability HIGH

Detects missing session regeneration after authentication, which enables session fixation attacks. Session fixation is a serious authentication vulnerability where an attacker forces a victim to use a session ID that the attacker already knows. The attack works like this: 1. Attacker obtains a valid session ID (e.g., by visiting the login page) 2. Attacker tricks victim into authenticating with that session ID (via URL, cookie injection, etc.) 3. Victim logs in, and the pre-known session ID be

4 Warnzeichen

Worauf bei Code-Reviews zu achten ist

Diese Muster weisen auf potenzielle Session Fixation-Schwachstellen hin. Achten Sie bei Code-Reviews und Sicherheitsaudits darauf.

🟠

Session configuration has security vulnerabilities express-insecure-session

🟠

insecure session configuration including weak secrets, insecure cookies, and missing security flags express-insecure-session

🟠

Session management has security weaknesses go-insecure-session-management

🟠

missing session regeneration after authentication, which enables session fixation attacks python-session-fixation

🔍

Scanne deine Codebasis nach Session Fixation

Shoulder CLI findet anfällige Muster in deiner gesamten Codebasis.

npx shoulder trust Alle Regeln durchsuchen